What Is Eczema?

Eczema or dermatitis refers to conditions that cause dryness, itchiness, and inflammation on the skin, usually accompanied by bumps or blisters. While it may be tempting, scratching these areas can lead to infections, which only worsen the situation. The condition manifests as a rash, but extreme conditions can make the affected portion of the skin look scaly.

The different types of eczema are classified according to the cause. Let's take a look:

1.  Atopic Dermatitis

Atopic dermatitis is caused by the combined effects of genetics, dry skin, immune system problems, and environmental triggers. These factors weaken the skin’s natural defenses, leaving it susceptible to irritants, infections, and allergens. This form of eczema is the most common.

2.  Contact Dermatitis

Contact dermatitis is a form of skin irritation caused by coming into contact with irritants and allergens. Various people react to different substances. However, some of the most common ones are detergents, jewelry, latex, bleach, and some skincare products. The resulting rash can be severe and can even turn into blisters and scaly patches.

3.  Stasis Dermatitis

This form of eczema is more long-term and is caused by the circulation of blood and fluids in the legs. As a result, fluid can build up, leading to inflammation. Symptoms include itchiness, swelling, thickening, and reddening of the skin.

4.  Seborrheic Dermatitis

This form of eczema is caused by the combined effects of several factors. Some of them include stress, an immune response, reaction to medication, and some medical conditions. The inflammation can heal without intervention after a while. However, it can be incurable in some cases, causing it to flare occasionally.

5. Nummular Eczema

The cause of this form of eczema is unclear. However, it has been associated with dry skin and allergies to different substances like detergents. It manifests as itchy rashes shaped like coins across the skin.

6.  Dyshidrotic Eczema

The cause of dyshidrotic eczema is not known. However, it has been associated with stress and allergies. It manifests as painful and itchy blisters on the feet and hands. The affected area of the skin gradually dries and becomes flaky with painful cracks.

Treating Eczema

There is no specific treatment for these forms of eczema. It is common for them, except for the case of stasis dermatitis, to clear up after a short while. However, using the right skincare products can help reduce hypersensitivity and infection. 

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